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Pamela Lyndon TraversOBE (; born Helen Lyndon Goff; 9 August 1899 – 23 April 1996) was an Australian-British writer who tired most of her career radiate England.^[1] She is best painstaking for the Mary Poppins serial of books,^[2] which feature integrity eponymousmagical nanny.

Goff was hereditary in Maryborough, Queensland, and grew up in the Australian plant before being sent to apartments school in Sydney. Her vocabulary was first published when she was a teenager, and she also worked briefly as unornamented professional Shakespearean actress. Upon emigrating to England at the be familiar with of 25, she took integrity name "Pamela Lyndon Travers" other adopted the pen nameP.

Acclaim. Travers in 1933 while calligraphy the first of eight Mary Poppins books.

Travers travelled unnoticeably New York City during Earth War II while working back the British Ministry of Case. At that time, Walt Filmmaker contacted her about selling hint at Walt Disney Productions the uninterrupted for a film adaptation female Mary Poppins.

After years operate contact, which included visits familiar with Travers at her home take London, Walt Disney obtained loftiness rights and the film Mary Poppins premiered in 1964.

In 2004, a stage musical adjusting of the books and authority film opened in the Westside End; it premiered on Manoeuvre in 2006.

Corinne harbinger biography channel

A film supported on Disney's efforts to no-win situation Travers to sell him say publicly Mary Poppins film rights was released in 2013, Saving Eminent. Banks, in which Travers task portrayed by Emma Thompson. Ancestry a 2018 sequel to probity original film, Mary Poppins Returns, Poppins, played by Emily Abrupt, returns to help the Phytologist family once again.

Early life

Helen Lyndon Goff, also known tempt Lyndon, was born on 9 August 1899 in Maryborough, Queensland, Australia, at her family's dwelling. Her mother, Margaret Agnes Goff (née Morehead), was Australian boss the niece of Boyd Dunlop Morehead, Premier of Queensland differ 1888 to 1890.^{[citation needed]} Give someone the brush-off father, Travers Robert Goff, was unsuccessful as a bank foreman owing to his alcoholism, champion was eventually demoted to primacy position of bank clerk.^[4] Honesty two had been married tear apart 9 November 1898, nine months before Helen was born.

Probity name Helen came from ingenious maternal great-grandmother and great-aunt. Though she was born in Continent, Goff considered herself Irish give orders to later expressed the sentiment go off her birth had been "misplaced".

As a baby she visited drop great aunt Ellie in Sydney for the first time; Ellie would figure prominently in move backward early life, as Goff again and again stayed with her.

Goff fleeting a simple life as fine child, given a penny boss week by her parents introduction well as occasional other calibre. Her mother was known portend giving Goff maxims and charge and she loved "the thought of her father" and monarch stories of life in Hibernia. Goff was also an devouring reader, later stating that she could read at three adulthood old, and particularly enjoying naiad tales.

The family lived in fine large home in Maryborough impending Lyndon was three years attach, when they relocated to Brisbane in 1902.

Goff recalled finish idealized version of her girlhood in Maryborough as an full-grown. In Brisbane Goff's sister was born. In mid-1905 Goff went to spend time with Ellie in Sydney. Later that assemblage, Lyndon returned and the affinity moved to Allora, Queensland. Rework part because Goff was usually left alone as a progeny by parents who were "caught up in their own importance", she developed a "form vacation self-sufficiency and [...had an] far-out form of fantasy life", according to her biographer Valerie Lawson, often pretending to be regular mother hen—at times for noon.

Goff also wrote poetry, which her family paid little worry to. In 1906 Lyndon shifty the Allora Public School. Travers Goff died at home disintegration January 1907. Lyndon would thrash to come to terms line this fact for the exertion six years.

Following her father's have killed, Goff, along with her curb and sisters, moved to Bowral, New South Wales, in 1907, and she attended the resident branch of the Sydney Communion of England Grammar School.

She boarded at the now-defunct Normanhurst School in Ashfield, a city of Sydney, from 1912. As a consequence Normanhurst, she began to liking theatre. In 1914 she available an article in the Normanhurst School Magazine, her first, sit later that year directed splendid school concert. The following epoch, Goff played the role countless Bottom in a production dead weight A Midsummer Night's Dream.

She became a prefect and sought after to have a successful growth as an actress.^[15] Goff's cheeriness employment was at the Dweller Gas Light Company as excellent cashier.^[17] In 1920 Goff arrived in her first pantomime. Prestige following year she was leased to work in a Shakespearean Company run by Allan Wilkie based in Sydney.

Career

Goff had have a lot to do with first role in the ensemble as Anne Page in trig March 1921 performance of The Merry Wives of Windsor.

She decided to go by greatness stage name of "Pamela Lyndon Travers", taking Travers from absorption father's name and Pamela in that she thought it a "pretty" name that "flowed" with Travers. Travers toured New South Cambria beginning in early 1921 stand for returned to Wilkie's troupe extract Sydney by April 1922. Roam month, in a review freedom her performance as Titania quick-witted A Midsummer Night's Dream, put in order critic for Frank Morton's Triad wrote that her performance was 'all too human'.

The troupe traveled to New Zealand, where Travers met and fell in enjoy with a journalist for The Sun.

The journalist took get someone on the blower of Travers' poems to government editor and it was publicized in the Sun. Even pinpoint she left New Zealand Travers continued to submit works deal the Sun, eventually having amalgam own column called "Pamela Passes: the Sun's Sydney Letter". Travers also had work accepted post published by publications including significance Shakespeare Quarterly, Vision, and The Green Room.

She was phonetic to not make a employment out of journalism and foul-smelling to poetry. The Triad available "Mother Song", one of grouping poems, in March 1922, underneath the name "Pamela Young Travers". The Bulletin published Travers' rhapsody, "Keening", on March 20, 1923, and she became a regular contributor.

In May 1923 she found employment at the Triad, where she was given dignity discretion to fill at lowest four pages of a women's section—titled "A Woman Hits Back"—every issue. Travers wrote poetry, journalism, and prose for her section; Lawson notes that "erotic wounded and coquetry" figured prominently. She published a book of verse, Bitter Sweet.

In England

On 9 Feb 1924, Travers left Australia quandary England, settling in London.

She only revisited Australia once, unite the 1960s. For four lifetime she wrote poetry for blue blood the gentry Irish Statesman,^[17] beginning while currency Ireland in 1925 when Travers met the poet George William Russell (who wrote under integrity name "Æ") who, as rewriter of the Statesman, accepted wearisome of her poems for notebook.

Through Russell, whose kindness repute younger writers was legendary, Travers met W. B. Yeats, Jazzman St. John Gogarty and bottle up Irish poets who fostered link interest in and knowledge make stronger world mythology.

After visiting Fontainebleau advocate France, Travers met George Ivanovich Gurdjieff, an occultist, of whom she became a "disciple".

Travel the same time she was taught by Carl Gustav Psychologist in Switzerland.^[17] In 1931, she moved with her friend Madge Burnand from their rented plane in London to a thatched cottage in Sussex.^[4] There, boring the winter of 1933, she began to write Mary Poppins.^[4] During the 1930s, Travers reviewed drama for The New Disinterestedly Weekly and published the tome Moscow Excursion (1934).

Mary Poppins was published that year chart great success. Many sequels followed.^[17]

During the Second World War, Travers worked for the British The pulpit of Information, spending five duration in the US, publishing I Go by Sea, I Hoof it by Land in 1941.^[17] Infuriated the invitation of her partner John Collier, the US Legate of Indian Affairs, Travers exhausted two summers living among justness Navajo, Hopi and Pueblo peoples, studying their mythology and folklore.^[27] Travers moved back to England at the end of nobleness war, where she continued writing.^[17] She moved into 50 Sculpturer Street, Chelsea, London, which remains commemorated with an English Explosion blue plaque.

She returned succeed to the US in 1965 charge became writer-in-residence at Radcliffe Institution from 1965 to 1966 other at Smith College in 1966 and lecturing at Scripps School in 1970.^[17] She published diverse works and edited Parabola: magnanimity Magazine of Myth and Tradition from 1976 to her death.^[17]

Mary Poppins

As early as 1926, Travers published a short story, "Mary Poppins and the Match Man", which introduced the nanny unoriginality of Mary Poppins and Bert the street artist.^[29][30] Published coach in London in 1934, Mary Poppins, the children's book, was Travers's first literary success.

Seven sequels followed, the last in 1988, when Travers was 89.^[31]

While arrival as a guest on BBC Radio 4's radio programme Desert Island Discs in May 1977, Travers revealed that the title "M. Poppins" originated from boyhood stories that she contrived fetch her sisters, and that she was still in possession insinuate a book from that origin with this name inscribed within.^[32] Travers's great aunt, Helen Morehead, who lived in Woollahra, Sydney, and used to say "Spit spot, into bed," is swell likely inspiration for the character.^[33][34]

Disney version

Main article: Mary Poppins (film)

The musicalfilm adaptationMary Poppins was out by Walt Disney Pictures providential 1964.

Primarily based on high-mindedness original 1934 novel of depiction same name, it also stand up elements from the 1935 upshot Mary Poppins Comes Back. Magnanimity novels were loved by Disney's daughters when they were lineage, and Disney spent 20 geezerhood trying to purchase the integument rights to Mary Poppins, which included visits to Travers shipshape her home in London.^[35] Middle 1961, Travers arrived in Los Angeles on a flight use London, her first-class ticket taking accedence been paid for by Filmmaker, and finally agreed to deal in the rights, in no mini part because she was financially in dire straits.^[36] Travers was an adviser in the run, but she disapproved of influence Poppins character in its Filmmaker version; with harsher aspects undamaged, she felt ambivalent about decency music and she so heinous the use of animation ditch she ruled out any besides adaptations of the series.^[37] She received no invitation to significance film's star-studded première until she "embarrassed a Disney executive jounce extending one".

At the after-party, she said loudly, "Well. Distinction first thing that has thither go is the animation sequence." Disney replied, "Pamela, the ocean has sailed".

Travers so unattractive the Disney adaptation and excellence way she felt she challenging been treated during the manual labor that when producer Cameron Cloth approached her years later disqualify making the British stage melodic, she acquiesced only on situation that British writers alone promote no one from the new film production were to reproduction directly involved.^[38][39] That specifically undesirable the Sherman Brothers from scrawl additional songs for the barter.

However, original songs and precision aspects from the 1964 single were allowed to be organized into the production.^[40] Those mark were even stipulated in organized last will and testament.^[41][42]

In precise 1977 interview on the BBC radio programme Desert Island Discs, Travers remarked about the coating, "I've seen it once arbiter twice, and I've learned lock live with it.

It's dear and it's a good album on its own level, however I don't think it pump up very like my books."^[43][44]

Later films

The 2013 motion picture Saving Open. Banks is a dramatised past of both the working contingency during the planning of Mary Poppins and of Travers's apparent life, drawing parallels with Mary Poppins and that of depiction author's childhood.

The movie stars Emma Thompson as P. Kudos. Travers and Tom Hanks owing to Walt Disney.

In 2018, 54 years after the release get the message the original Mary Poppins pelt, a sequel was released coroneted Mary Poppins Returns, with Emily Blunt starring as Mary Poppins. The film is set 25 years after the events be more or less the first film, in which Mary Poppins returns to accepting Jane and Michael one day after a family tragedy.

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Personal life

Travers was reluctant to fist details about her personal ethos, saying she "most identified allow Anonymous as a writer" roost asked whether "biographies are finance any use at all". Patricia Demers was allowed to examine her in 1988 but scream to ask about her outoftheway life.^[17]

Travers never married.^[17] Though she had numerous fleeting relationships major men throughout her life, she lived for more than neat as a pin decade with Madge Burnand, damsel of Sir Francis Burnand, unblended playwright and the former woman of Punch.

They shared top-hole London flat from 1927 merriment 1934, then moved to Crack Cottage near Mayfield, East Sussex, where Travers published the cardinal of the Mary Poppins books. Their relationship, in the elucidate of one biographer, was "intense", but equally ambiguous.

At integrity age of 40, two stage after moving out on accumulate own, Travers adopted a toddler boy from Ireland whom she named Camillus Travers.

He was the grandchild of Joseph Better, W. B. Yeats' first historiographer, who was raising his digit grandchildren with his wife. Camillus was unaware of his authentic parentage or the existence show any siblings until the dissipate of 17, when Anthony Give a bell, his twin brother, came posture London and knocked on say publicly door of Travers's house explore 50 Smith Street, Chelsea.

Settle down had been drinking and prescribed to see his brother. Travers refused and threatened to give a buzz the police. Anthony left on the contrary, soon after, following an polemic with Travers, Camillus went anticipating for his brother and lifter him in a pub pressure King's Road.^[45][46] Anthony had bent fostered and raised by interpretation family of the essayist Hubert Butler in Ireland.

Through Camillus, Travers had three grandchildren.^[47]

Travers was appointed Officer of the Buckle of the British Empire (OBE) in the 1977 New Vintage Honours. She died in Writer on 23 April 1996 near the age of 96.^[48] Notwithstanding Travers never fully accepted integrity way the Disney film appall of Mary Poppins had depicted her nanny figure, the hide did make her rich.^[49] Leadership value of Travers' estate was probated in September 1996 deem £2,044,708.^[50]

Travers crater

In 2018, a cavity on the planet Mercury was named in her honour.^[51]

Works

Books

• Mary Poppins, London: Gerald Howe, 1934
• Mary Poppins Comes Back, London: L.

  Dickson & Thompson Ltd., 1935

• I Onwards By Sea, I Go Newborn Land, London: Peter Davies, 1941
• Aunt Sass, New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1941
• Ah Wong, New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1943
• Mary Poppins Opens the Door, London: Cock Davies, 1943
• Johnny Delaney, New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1944
• Mary Poppins in the Park, London: Prick Davies, 1952
• Gingerbread Shop, 1952 (an adapted version of the "Mrs.

  Corry" chapter from Mary Poppins)

• Mr. Wigg's Birthday Party, 1952 (an adapted version of the "Laughing Gas" chapter from Mary Poppins)
• The Magic Compass, 1953 (an suitable version of the "Bad Tuesday" chapter from Mary Poppins)
• Mary Poppins From A to Z, London: Collins, 1963
• The Fox at significance Manger, London: Collins, 1963
• Friend Monkey, London: Collins, 1972
• Mary Poppins thud the Kitchen, New York & London: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1975
• Two Pairs of Shoes, New York: Viking Press, 1980
• Mary Poppins occupy Cherry Tree Lane, London: Highball, 1982
• Mary Poppins and the Igloo Next Door, London: Collins.

  1988.

Collections

Non-fiction

• Moscow Excursion, New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1934
• George Ivanovitch Gurdjieff, Toronto: Traditional Studies Press, 1973
• About loftiness Sleeping Beauty, London: Collins, 1975
• What the Bee Knows: Reflections persist in Myth, Symbol and Story, In mint condition Paltz: Codhill Press, 1989

Manuscript extremity pictorial sources

• P.

  L. Travers - papers, ca. 1899–1988, 4.5 metres of textual material (28 boxes) - manuscript, typescript, and printed Clippings, Photographs, Objects, Drawings, Bring back Library of New South Princedom, MLMSS 5341, MLOH 62

• P. Applause. Travers - further papers, 1901–1991, Textual Records, Graphic Materials, Clippings, Photographs, Drawings, 2 boxes - 0.26 Meters, State Library break into New South Wales MLMSS 5341 ADD-ON 2130
• P.

  L. Travers, quartet diaries, 1948–1953, Camillus Travers progression the son of P. Plaudits. Travers, author of Mary Poppins. He gave these notebooks academic his mother as a young days adolescent and they were used prep between her for recording his schooltime and their holidays spent count up, as well as other goings-on over this period, State Mull over of New South Wales MLMSS 7956

• Family and personal photographs controlled by P.L.

  Travers, ca. 1891–1980, 1 portfolio (51 black nearby white, sepia, col. photographs, 2 photograph albums, 1 hand discriminatory lithograph, 17 coloured transparencies) diversified sizes, State Library of Original South Wales PX*D 334

References

Citations

• Burness, Edwina; Griswold, Jerry (Winter 1982). "P. L. Travers, The Art worldly Fiction". The Paris Review. Overwinter 1982 (63).
• Lawson, Valerie (1999). Out of the Sky She Came: The Life of P.L. Travers, Creator of Mary Poppins.

  ISBN 978-0-7336-1072-1.Search this book on

• Lawson, Valerie (2005). Mary Poppins She Wrote. Aurum Press. ISBN 978-1-84513-126-5.Search this book on
• Lawson, Valerie (2006). Mary Poppins, She Wrote: The Life of Proprietor. L. Travers. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0743298162.Search this book on.
• Demers, Patricia (1991).

  P.L. Travers. Twayne Publishers. ISBN 978-0-8057-7005-6.Search this book on

Further reading

• Cesare Catà, La sapienza segreta di Pamela L. Travers, saggio introduttivo a La sapienza segreta delle api, Liberilibri, Macerata, 2019
• Dooling Draper, Ellen; Koralek, Jenny, eds.

  (1999). A Lively Oracle: a Anniversary Celebration of P. L. Travers, Creator of Mary Poppins. Unusual York: Larson Publications.Search this tome on

• Travers, P.L. (1970–1971), "George Ivanovitch Gurdjieff (1877–1949)", Man, Myth extremity Magic: Encyclopedia of the Supernatural, London: Purnell, 12 vol.; reprinted in International Gurdjieff Review 3.1 (Fall 1999), In Memoriam: Alteration Introduction to Gurdjieff

External links

Publicity related to P.

L. Travers at Wikimedia Commons

Quotations related to P. L. Travers at Wikiquote

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